Dowel-pin



` (No Model.)

. M. J. 'ANDRUS DOWEL PIN.

Patented July 21, 1891.

r .9m 70 l Y @vda/mamy QM/M@ .vention as applied to a piano or organstool.

` UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARIOBT J. ANDRUS, OFST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

DOWEL-PIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 456,391, dated July 21,1891.

Application filed Ianuary Z0, 1891. Serial No. 378,423. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARION J.. ANDRUs, of the city of St. Louis, in theState of Missouri. have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMethods of and Means for Uniting Parts in a Structure, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to improvements in dowel-pins; and it consists inthe novel fea# tures hereinafter more fully described, and designated inthe claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of adevice for makingdovetailed mortises and showing the material in position to be workedupon. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the parts united by my improvedjoint. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a mortise formed in a piece of wood.Fig. 4 is an end View of a tenon, showing slits formed therein. Fig. 5is a side elevation of my invention, showing the parts detached; andFig. 6 is a perspective View of a wedge which I employ in carrying outmy invention. Fig. 7sho\vs myin- Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2indicate parts of a structure which are to be united, and 3 indicateseXteriorly-converging Inortises which are formedin said parts or pieces.Said mortises diverge from the exterior of the parts toward the centerof the parts to be united, thereby forming dovetailed mortises.

In order that the manner in which I prefer to form the mortises for myimproved joint may be fully understood, I have shown and will nowproceed to describe a machine for that purpose. I do not, however,herein lay any claim thereto. Said mortises are formed in pieces to bejoined by means of a routingbit 4, provided on its sides withlaterally-cutting edges 5 and terminally-cutting edges 6, which eitectan incisionrwhen applied to a piece of wood equally as Well in a lateraldirection as a vertical in said piece of timber. Said bit is adapted tobe revolved by any ordinary or suitable mechanism constructed for thatpurpose, and is adapted to reciprocate in a vertical direction.

7 indicates an oscillating base on which the material to be worked isplaced. Said base oscillates in two directions, the extent of which isregulated by stops 8.

9 represents adjustable guiding and retaining blocks, which retain andhold the piece of wood 1U in its proper position on the oscillating base7. Said adjustable guideways 9 are secured to base 7 by means ofadjustable bolts ll.

By the construction as herein set forth it is readily perceived thatblock 10, secured as hereinbefore stated, can be a'ljusted at a suitableangle relative to the cutting-edges of bit 4, thereby forming adovetailed mortise ot' any desired dimensions and angles.

l2 indicates a doWel-pin, by means of which the parts to be secured areunited. Said dowel-pin is provided with slits 13, which slits convergetoward the center of said doWel-pin.

14 indicates a Wedge by which the ends of doWel-pin l2 are laterallyextended. Said wedges are of the shape of an isosceles triangle andapproximately about the length of slits 13, and when placed in slitsland driven or compressed in said slits when doWel-pin 12 is in itsnormal position they will extend latj erally the part l5 of saiddowel-pin, thereby throwing the ends in a diverging form correspondingin size to the dovetailed mortises 3, and thereby will prevent saiddowel-pins from being Withdrawn from the dovetailed mortises, andconsequently will hold the parts in which said dowel-pin is placed in aiirm and rigid manner and position.

Having given an explicit description of my invention, I will now proceedto describe the 4method of uniting the parts of the structure,

of forming the appropriate mortises in said parts, and the constructionot' the dowel-pin by which said parts are united.

To be speciiic in forming the mortises, the operator should place thematerial in Which the mortiseis to be formed on the oscillating base 7and secure and adjust it therein by means of the guiding and retainingpieces 9 and bolts 11. The bit 4 can then be brought in contact with thematerial. The oscillating base, and consequently the material securedthereon, can be adj usted at any desired angle, thereby forming adovetail at any desired angle. In Fig. 3 a top plan view of one of thesemortises is shown.

To prepare the dowel-pins 12, which is et'- feeted by cutting out a barof any desired dimensions by any7 suitable mechanism, is the next step.Said bar is usually provided on its lateral faces with rounded surfaces,and it is also provided at its ends with a slit or pair of slits. Saidslit or slits should converge toward the center of the doWel-pin, which,when wedge 14 is driven therein, will extend the parts 15 of dowel-pinto a greater extent than if the slits Were formed in the dowel-pin in astraight and parallel direction to the lateral faces of said tenon,which must necessarily result in increasing the contact between theparts 15 and the side of the inortisesn which said dowcl-pins areplaced.

After the inortises have been formed as hereinbefore described, and alsothe dowelpins have been constructed as hereinbefore stated, to unite theparts-for instance, 1 and Q-tlie inortises 3 are placed with thecontracted portions facing each other. The dowelpin 12, with wedges 14inserted in the slits thereof, is then placed in said inortises, and bythe application of force to parts 1 and 2 the said parts are driventogether, and consequently the wedges 14 will be compressed and drivenin slits 13, thereby extending the parts 15 and illing up the divergingportion of the mortises, thereby effecting a iirin and rigid unisonbetween said parts.

My invention is essentially useful in secu ring the legs of a piano ororgan stool to the base of said stool, as shown in Fig. 7, wherein 1 Sindicates an ordinary dowel, which is placed near the upper portion ofthe leg, and l2 my improved tenen situated in its appropriate dovetailedinortise, formed, respectively, in the base and leg of said stool.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim is 1. As a new articleof manufacture, the herein-described doWel-pin, consisting of arectangular block provided with converging slits in each end thereof,substantially as described.

2. As a new article of manufacture, the herein-described dowel-pin,consisting of a rectangular block provided with rounded edges and withconverging slits in each end thereof, substantially as described.

3. The herein-described joint, consisting ol parts 1 and 2, providedwith niortises 3, reduced at their openings, a rectangular dowelpin 12,having rounded edges and converging slits in its ends, and wedgesadapted to enter said slits and spread the ends oi the pin,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MARION J. ANDRUS.

Witnesses:

CHAs. G. ANDnUs, EDWARD Evnnn'r'r LONGAN.

